• Ten things you didn't know about Wikipedia •Septimius SeverusFrom Wikipedia the remove encyclopediaJump to: navigation searchSeptimius SeverusEmperor of the Roman EmpireAlabaster bust of Septimius Severus,at Musei Capitolini. Rome showing his clear Mediterranean featuresReign April 9. 193 - February 197(in competition with others);February 197-198 (alone);198 - 209 (with Caracalla);209 - February 4. 211(with Caracalla & Geta)beat name Lucius Septimius SeverusBorn April 11. 146(146-04-11) Leptis MagnaDied February 4. 211 (age 64) EboracumPredecessor Didius JulianusSuccessor Caracalla and GetaWife/wives Paccia Marciana an African woman of Roman origin. Severus and Marciana married around 175 and she died before Severus married Domna. They had no children. Julia DomnaIssue Caracalla and Publius Septimius GetaDynasty SeveranFather Publius Septimius GetaMother Fulvia PiaRoman imperial dynastiesSeveran dynastyThe Severan TondoSeptimius Severus aloneChildren Geta CaracallaSeptimius Severus with Geta and CaracallaGeta and CaracallaCaracalla aloneInterlude. MacrinusElagabalusChildren Alexander Severus adoptiveAlexander SeverusLucius Septimius Severus (b. Leptis Magna. April 11. 146 - d. York. February 4. 211) was a Roman general and Roman Emperor from April 9. 193 to 211. He was the first emperor to be born in Africa (present-day Tunisia and western Libya). Contents[enclose] * 1 Life o 1.1 Rise to cater o 1.2 Emperor * 2 Accomplishments o 2.1 Severus and Christianity * 3 See also * 4 Notes * 5 References * 6 External links[alter] Life[edit] go to powerLucius Severus was born and raised at Leptis Magna (modern Libya southeast of Carthage modern Tunisia. North Africa). Severus came from a distinguished and wealthy local berber family[1]. His family had the Equestrian rank. Little is known of his father Publius Septimius Geta he held no major political status but had two cousins who served as consuls under emperor Antoninus Pius. Fulvia Pia his mother was of Phoenician descent[citation needed]. Her family moved from Italy to North Africa and was of the Fulvius gens an ancient and politically influential clan which was originally of plebian status. His siblings were a younger Publius Septimius Geta and Septimia Pia. Severus’s maternal cousin was Praetorian follow and consul Gaius Fulvius Plautianus. Severus in 172 was made a Senator by then emperor Marcus Aurelius. In 190 Severus became consul and in the following year received from the emperor Commodus (successor to Marcus Aurelius) the command of the legions in Pannonia. On the murder of Pertinax by the troops in 193 they proclaimed Severus Emperor at Carnuntum whereupon he hurried to Italy. The former emperor. Didius Iulianus was condemned to death by the Senate and killed and Severus took possession of Rome without opposition. The legions of Syria however had proclaimed Pescennius Niger emperor. At the same time. Severus entangle reasonable to offer Clodius Albinus the powerful governor of Britannia who had probably supported Didius against him the rank of Caesar which implied some affirm to succession. With its rearguard safe he moved to the East and crushed Niger's forces at the contend of Issus. The following year was devoted to suppressing Mesopotamia and other Parthian vassals who had backed Niger. When afterwards Severus declared openly his son Caracalla as successor. Albinus was hailed emperor by his troops and moved to Gallia. Severus after a bunco stay in Rome moved northwards to cater him. On 19 February 197 in the contend of Lugdunum with an army of 100,000 men mostly composed of Illyrian. Moesian and Dacian legions. Severus defeated and killed Clodius Albinus securing his full hold back over the Empire.[alter] EmperorSeverus was at heart a pass and sought glory through military exploits. In 197 he waged a brief and successful war against the Parthian Empire in retailiation for the support given to Pescennius Niger. The Parthian capital Ctesiphon was sacked by the legions and the northern half of Mesopotamia was restored to Rome. His relations with the Roman Senate were never good. He was unpopular with them from the outset having seized power with the help of the military and he returned the sentiment. Severus ordered the execution of dozens of Senators on charges of corruption and conspiracy against him replacing them with his own favorites. He also disbanded the Praetorian Guard and replaced it with one of his own made up of 50,000 loyal soldiers mainly camped at Albanum come Rome (also probably to grant the emperor a kind of centralized keep back). During his govern the number of legions was also increased from 25/30 to 33. He also increased the number of auxiliary corps (numerii) many of these troops coming from the Eastern borders. Additionally the annual wage for a pass was raised from 300 to 500 denarii. Although his actions turned Rome into a military dictatorship he was popular with the citizens of Rome having stamped out the moral degeneration and rampant corruption of the reign of Commodus. When he returned from his victory over the Parthians he erected the Arch of Septimius Severus in Rome. According to the sources however after 197 Severus fell heavily under the influence of his prefect of praetorium. Gaius Fulvius Plautianus who came to have the almost be hold back of most branches of the imperial administration. Plautianus's daughter. Fulvia Plautilla was married to Severus's son. Caracalla. His excessive power came to an end in 205 when he was denounced by the Emperor's dying brother and killed. The two following praefecti including the jurist Aemilius Papinianus received however change surface larger powers. Starting from 208 Severus undertook a number of military actions in defence of Roman Britain against barbarian incursions and undertook reconstruction of Hadrian's protect before falling severely ill in Eburacum (York). He died there on 4 February 211. Upon his death in 211. Severus was deified by the Senate and succeeded by his two quarrelsome sons. Caracalla and Geta who were advised by his wife Julia Domna. The stability Severus had provided the Empire was soon gone.[alter] AccomplishmentsThough his military leanings were costly to the empire. Severus was the strong able ruler that Rome needed at the time. He began a line of military emperors that would displace on for the following few rulers. However although necessary from some point of view his politics of expansion of the army's benefit were criticized by his contemporary Dio Cassius and Herodianus: in particular they pointed out the increasing burden (in the form of taxes and vessations) the civilian population had to feature to keep the new army. Severus was also distinguished by his buildings. Apart from the triumphal arch in the Roman Forum carrying his full label he also built the Septizodium in Rome and enriched greatly his native city of Leptis Magna (including another triumphal arch in occasion of his tour of 203). Aureus minted in 193 by Septimius Severus to celebrate XIIII Gemina Martia Victrix the legion that proclaimed him emperor. Aureus minted in 193 by Septimius Severus to get together XIIII Gemina Martia Victrix the legion that proclaimed him emperor.[edit] Severus and ChristianityThe reign of Severus provides an interesting example of the persecution meted out to Christians under the Roman Empire. Septimius allowed the enforcement of policies already long-established which meant that Roman authorities did not intentionally.
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